A wedding ring or wedding band is a metal ring indicating the wearer is married. Depending on the local culture, it is on the base of the right or the left ring finger. The custom of wearing such a ring has spread widely beyond its origin in Europe. Originally worn by wives only, wedding rings became customary for both husbands and wives during the 20th century. According to some customs, the wedding ring forms the last in a series of gifts, which also may include the engagement ring, traditionally given as a betrothal present. This tradition was already in use in Ancient Rome and is possibly much older. Historically, the wedding ring connected to the exchange of valuables at the moment of the wedding rather than a symbol of eternal love and devotion. It is from the times when marriage was a contract between families. After marriage, the ring worn on the hand placed on during the ceremony. By wearing rings on the fourth finger, a married couple symbolically declares their eternal love for each other. This has now become a matter of tradition and etiquette. One interpretation states that the woman wears the wedding ring below the engagement ring, thus making it closer to the heart. Another practice holds that the woman should wear the wedding ring above the engagement ring, thus sealing the atmosphere of the engagement into the marriage. Still others prefer that the wedding ring worn alone. Further, modern ring sets in the United States are often as a three-piece set, including the man's wedding band, the woman's engagement ring, and a slender band that mounted to the engagement ring before the wedding, converting it into a single, permanent wedding ring. Some cultures exchange additional rings: In some parts of India, Hindus may use a toe ring worn instead of a ring on a finger, although this is only for women, and increasingly worn along with a finger ring. In Romania, spouses celebrate their silver wedding anniversary by exchanging silver wedding rings, which worn on the fourth finger of the left hand along with the original wedding ring. The wedding ring removed for comfort or safety. It is common for those who have professions that forbid the wearing of jewelry, such as police officers or electrical workers. In some jurisdictions, those in the food service industry may be required to remove all jewelry while handling ready-to-eat food, including wedding rings, unless they are simple, smooth rings. Physicians known to prefer smooth, simple designs, some may even autoclave their rings on a regular basis. Many times these people say they wear a "ring around their heart" not around their finger. Some will wear it on a chain around their neck to compensate for the inability to wear it on a finger.

Judicial Commission

The Judicial Commission of New South Wales is a statutory corporation that provides continuing education to and examines complaints made against judicial officers in New South Wales, a State of Australia. The commission is headed by the Chief Justice of New South Wales and consists of the heads of each of the major courts in New South Wales plus community representatives. The commission is the only body of its type in Australia. Similar bodies are in existence in Canada, India and the United States. The work of the commission is split into two distinct areas. The first is a conduct division which deals with complaints about judicial officers. The other area is the educative function, which provides information on sentencing information, legal development and ongoing training for judicial officers. The commission marked a significant change in the legal system in New South Wales. It restored public confidence in the judicial system which had been rocked by a serious of scandals and allegations of misconduct in the early 1980s. The commission eliminated the political process from the removal of a judge from public office. Judges were no longer subject to the whim of the government of the day in whether they could be removed from office. Instead, the commission now provides a means outside of politics for the dispassionate consideration of misconduct by judicial officers. As one present judge has suggested, the commission has actually improved and safe-guarded independence of the courts. The model for a judicial commission has received support for introduction elsewhere in Australia.